In the second half of 2021, average household electricity prices in the EU increased sharply compared with the same period of 2020 (€21.3 per 100 kWh), standing at €23.7 per 100 kWh. Average gas prices in the EU also increased compared with the same period of 2020 (€7.0 per 100 kWh) to €7.8 per 100 kWh in the second half of 2021. More recently, wholesale prices for electricity and gas have increased substantially across the EU. Energy and supply costs, caused by several economic factors, mainly drove the increase. (....)