1. Introduction
ESC tests are still required in many countries, despite the sector-wide objective to simplify and phase them out in the long term. Moreover, the scope and acceptance of these tests vary widely.
While ESC tests provide value in identifying integration issues at an early stage, the current implementation can lead to additional costs and extended timelines for entry into service.
ESC tests were first introduced as a provisional measure to ensure technical compatibility between ETCS onboard equipment and trackside systems. The diversity of engineering approaches on the infrastructure, the lack of fully standardised trackside implementations, and the design freedom granted to (trackside and on-board) manufacturers are the main reasons why ESC and integration tests between track and vehicle remain necessary. Compatibility issues can also arise on the vehicle side, for example, due to differing interpretations of onboard systems or their adaptation to new track configurations. As long as ESCs are applied, their scope, governance, reuse, and cost allocation must be clearly regulated across the EU.
2. The Issues (....)